Bab el-Mandeb
high riskThe entrance to the Red Sea. Houthi attacks since late 2023 have pushed part of the traffic around Africa.
Open on the interactive map →✕ What if it closes?
How much oil?
About 8.7 million barrels of crude and fuels pass through here every day – ~9% of seaborne trade, or 4 supertankers a day. The map shows 2.6 million of that in crude oil routes.
Why is it a risk?
Since late 2023 the Houthis have been attacking ships – some carriers avoid the Red Sea and sail around Africa.
Who depends on it?
| Country | share | thousand b/d |
|---|---|---|
| Serbia | 41% of imports | 22 |
| India | 39% of imports | 1,848 |
| Greece | 34% of imports | 165 |
| Turkey | 25% of imports | 150 |
| Bulgaria | 19% of imports | 25 |
| Netherlands | 15% of imports | 144 |
| France | 8% of imports | 75 |
| Italy | 8% of imports | 88 |
| Germany | 4% of imports | 66 |
| Austria | 3% of imports | 5 |
| Spain | 3% of imports | 34 |
Whose oil is it?
| Supplier | share | thousand b/d |
|---|---|---|
| Russia | 70% | 1,848 |
| Iraq | 30% | 774 |