Italy
net importerA large share of Libyan and Caspian crude (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan). Trieste mostly handles TAL transit.
Answer
Italy imports about 1.1 million barrels of crude a day. The largest suppliers are Libya (21%), Azerbaijan (13%) and Kazakhstan (11%).
Data: 2025 annual averages
Key figures
- Crude oil imports, barrels per day
- 1.1 million
- Largest supplier
- Libya · 21%
- Real risk
- Turkish Straits · 11%
- Petrol 95 (26 Oct)
- €2.01
Where does Italy get its oil from?
| Supplier | share | thousand b/d |
|---|---|---|
| Libya | 21% | 231 |
| Azerbaijan | 13% | 147 |
| Kazakhstan | 11% | 117 |
| USA | 8% | 84 |
| Iraq | 5% | 58 |
| Nigeria | 5% | 57 |
| Saudi Arabia | 4% | 44 |
| Algeria | 2% | 19 |
| other sources (not on the map) | 31% | 348 |
UN Comtrade, JODI-Oil · 2025
Which chokepoints does Italy's oil pass through?
The main maritime chokepoints on the way are Turkish Straits (11% of imports), Suez Canal / SUMED (9% of imports) and Strait of Hormuz (5% of imports).
- Turkish Straits11% of imports · 117
- Suez Canal / SUMED9% of imports · 102
- Strait of Hormuz5% of imports · 58
- Bab el-Mandeb5% of imports · 58
Real risk: Turkish Straits – 11% of imports this way. Turkey controls traffic under the Montreux Convention; winter fog and tanker queues.
UN Comtrade · 2025
How much crude oil does Italy import?
Imports 1.1 million barrels of crude a day – one supertanker every 2 days. There is practically no domestic production; crude imports cover 83% of fuel consumption, the rest is refined products and biofuels.
JODI-Oil · 2025
Fuel prices – Italy
Petrol 95: €2.01 per litre · Diesel: €2.25 per litre.
- Petrol 95: 8th most expensive of 27 in the EU; 3% above the EU average.
- Petrol 95: +€0.35 since 23 Feb (before the crisis): crude oil ≈ +€0.31, refining and margins ≈ −€0.02, taxes +€0.06.
- taxes and levies: 52% (Petrol 95), 44% (Diesel).
European Commission – Weekly Oil Bulletin · October 26, 2026
Italy: how did the 2026 oil crisis affect supplies and prices?
- February 28, 2026Iran closes the Strait of HormuzItaly: 58 thousand barrels a day (5% of imports) with no way throughWikipedia: 2026 Strait of Hormuz crisis
- March 11, 2026IEA countries release 400 million barrels from emergency stocksItaly: 58 thousand barrels a day (5% of imports) with no way throughIEA, 11 Mar 2026
- September 11, 2026Drones hit Saudi Arabia's East-West pipeline – the main route around HormuzItaly: 102 thousand barrels a day (9% of imports) with no way throughCNBC, 14 Sept 2026
- September 28, 2026The East-West pipeline runs again, at lower capacityItaly: 58 thousand barrels a day (5% of imports) with no way throughwnp.pl, 28 Sept 2026
Effect on supplies: model of oil routes (2025 flows), stranded = no sea route left on that day.
Main port: Augusta · Sarroch · Trieste
Sources
- UN Comtrade – crude oil imports by country of origin (HS 2709), as reported by the importing country · 2025
- JODI-Oil – national crude oil production, imports and exports · 2025
- U.S. EIA – crude oil and petroleum products passing through maritime chokepoints · 2023
- European Commission – Weekly Oil Bulletin – national average pump prices with and without taxes, reported weekly by EU member states · October 26, 2026
Related questions
- Where does Libya's oil go?
- Where does Azerbaijan's oil go?
- Where does Kazakhstan's oil go?
- Which countries depend on the Turkish Straits?
- Which countries import the most crude oil?
- Which countries depend most on Middle East oil?
- Where does the EU get its crude oil?
- Where is fuel cheapest in the EU?
- How much of the fuel price is tax in the EU?
- How have fuel prices changed in the EU since the 2026 oil crisis?
Download the data
CSV and JSON, CC BY 4.0 – credit “chokepoints.io” with a link. Volumes in thousand barrels per day, 2025 annual averages.
Countries (CSV)Trade routes (CSV)Chokepoints (CSV)Everything (JSON)DOI 10.5281/zenodo.23267750 (Zenodo)