Strait of Hormuz
high riskThe only sea exit from the Persian Gulf. Alternatives: the Saudi East-West pipeline to Yanbu and ADCOP to Fujairah – about 3.5 million barrels a day combined.
Open on the interactive map →✕ What if it closes?
How much oil?
About 20.9 million barrels of crude and fuels pass through here every day – ~20% of global oil consumption, or 10 supertankers a day. The map shows 10.7 million of that in crude oil routes.
Why is it a risk?
Iran has repeatedly threatened to close the strait; tankers were attacked in 2019 and 2024.
Who depends on it?
| Country | share | thousand b/d |
|---|---|---|
| South Korea | 58% of imports | 1,607 |
| Japan | 51% of imports | 1,188 |
| China | 43% of imports | 4,795 |
| Serbia | 41% of imports | 22 |
| India | 37% of imports | 1,748 |
| Greece | 34% of imports | 165 |
| Turkey | 25% of imports | 150 |
| Bulgaria | 19% of imports | 25 |
| Netherlands | 15% of imports | 144 |
| France | 8% of imports | 75 |
| USA | 8% of imports | 538 |
| Italy | 8% of imports | 88 |
| Germany | 4% of imports | 66 |
| Austria | 3% of imports | 5 |
| Spain | 3% of imports | 34 |
Whose oil is it?
| Supplier | share | thousand b/d |
|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | 42% | 4,421 |
| Iraq | 33% | 3,566 |
| Iran | 13% | 1,409 |
| Kuwait | 8% | 818 |
| Qatar | 4% | 436 |